What is the primary characteristic of an asymmetric encryption algorithm?

The primary characteristic of an asymmetric encryption algorithm is that it utilizes a pair of keys: a public key and a private key. This dual-key approach allows for secure communication over potentially insecure channels. The public key can be shared with anyone and is used to encrypt data; however, only the holder of the corresponding private key can decrypt that data. This ensures that even if someone intercepts the encrypted information, they cannot read it without the private key, which is kept secret.

This method enhances security for various applications, such as secure email communication and digital signatures. The use of two keys also facilitates secure key exchange processes, often essential in establishing encrypted sessions in protocols like HTTPS.

In comparison, symmetric encryption, which uses a single key for both encryption and decryption, can raise challenges regarding key distribution and management. The other options discussed relate to characteristics of different encryption methods rather than the defining trait of asymmetric encryption.